Server and System Hardening / Securing

<div dir="ltr" style="text-align&colon; left&semi;"><&excl;--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o&colon;OfficeDocumentSettings> <o&colon;AllowPNG/> </o&colon;OfficeDocumentSettings></xml><&excl;[endif]--><br /><&excl;--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w&colon;WordDocument> <w&colon;View>Normal</w&colon;View> <w&colon;Zoom>0</w&colon;Zoom> <w&colon;TrackMoves/> <w&colon;TrackFormatting/> <w&colon;PunctuationKerning/> <w&colon;ValidateAgainstSchemas/> <w&colon;SaveIfXMLInval>false</w&colon;SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w&colon;IgnoreMixedContent>false</w&colon;IgnoreMixedContent> <w&colon;AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w&colon;AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w&colon;DoNotPromoteQF/> <w&colon;LidThemeOther>EN-GB</w&colon;LidThemeOther> <w&colon;LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w&colon;LidThemeAsian> <w&colon;LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w&colon;LidThemeComplexScript> <w&colon;Compatibility> <w&colon;BreakWrappedTables/> <w&colon;SnapToGridInCell/> <w&colon;WrapTextWithPunct/> <w&colon;UseAsianBreakRules/> <w&colon;DontGrowAutofit/> 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Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/> <w&colon;LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/> <w&colon;LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/> <w&colon;LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/> <w&colon;LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/> <w&colon;LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/> <w&colon;LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/> <w&colon;LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 4"/> <w&colon;LsdException 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<w&colon;LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/> <w&colon;LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/> <w&colon;LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/> <w&colon;LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/> <w&colon;LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/> <w&colon;LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 5"/> <w&colon;LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/> <w&colon;LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/> <w&colon;LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/> <w&colon;LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/> <w&colon;LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/> <w&colon;LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/> <w&colon;LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/> <w&colon;LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/> <w&colon;LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/> <w&colon;LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/> <w&colon;LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/> <w&colon;LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/> <w&colon;LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/> <w&colon;LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 6"/> <w&colon;LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/> <w&colon;LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/> <w&colon;LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/> <w&colon;LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/> <w&colon;LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/> <w&colon;LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/> <w&colon;LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/> <w&colon;LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/> <w&colon;LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/> <w&colon;LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/> <w&colon;LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/> <w&colon;LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/> <w&colon;LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Emphasis"/> <w&colon;LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Emphasis"/> <w&colon;LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Reference"/> <w&colon;LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Reference"/> <w&colon;LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/> <w&colon;LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" Name="Bibliography"/> <w&colon;LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/> </w&colon;LatentStyles></xml><&excl;[endif]--><&excl;--[if gte mso 10]><&excl;[endif]--> </p>&NewLine;<div>The purpose of system hardening is to eliminate as many security risks as possible&period; This is typically done by removing all non-essential software programs and utilities from the computer&period; While these programs may offer useful features to the user, if they provide &&num;8220&semi;back-door&&num;8221&semi; access to the system, they must be removed during system hardening&period;</div>&NewLine;<div>Many servers online today are attacked thousands of times per hour, tens and sometimes hundreds of thousands of times each and every day&period; The best defense against such attacks is to ensure that server hardening is a well-established practice within your organization or to outsource this task to an experienced &amp&semi; established server hardening agency&period;</div>&NewLine;<div></div>&NewLine;<div><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight&colon; normal&semi;">Some common server hardening tips &amp&semi; tricks include&colon;</b><br />&&num;8211&semi; Use Data Encryption for your Communications<br />&&num;8211&semi; Avoid using insecure protocols that send your information or passwords in plain text&period;<br />&&num;8211&semi; Minimize unnecessary software on your servers&period;<br />&&num;8211&semi; Disable Unwanted SUID and SGID Binaries<br />&&num;8211&semi; Keeping security patches and hotfixes updates&period;<br />&&num;8211&semi; Using security extensions is a plus&period;<br />&&num;8211&semi; Complex password policy<br />&&num;8211&semi; Lock accounts after too many login failures&period;&nbsp&semi;</div>&NewLine;<div>&nbsp&semi;&&num;8211&semi; SSH Hardening<br />&&num;8212&semi; Change the port from default to a non standard one<br />&&num;8212&semi; Disable direct root logins&period; Switch to root from a lower level account only when necessary&period;<br />&&num;8211&semi; Disablling Unnecessary services ,instances of IRC &&num;8211&semi; BitchX, bnc, eggdrop, generic-sniffers, guardservices, ircd, psyBNC, ptlink&period;<br />&&num;8211&semi; Securing /tmp /var/tmp /dev/shm<br />&&num;8211&semi; Hide BIND DNS Sever Version and Apache version<br />&&num;8211&semi; Hardening sysctl&period;conf<br />&&num;8211&semi; Server hardenining by installing Root Kit Hunter and ChrootKit hunter&period;<br />&&num;8211&semi; Minimize open network ports to be only what is needed for your specific circumstances&period;<br />&&num;8211&semi; Configure the system firewall (Iptables) or get a software installed like CSF or APF&period;<br />&&num;8211&semi; Separate partitions in ways that make your system more secure&period;<br />&&num;8211&semi; Disable unwanted binaries<br />&&num;8211&semi; Maintain server logs&semi; mirror logs to a separate log server<br />&&num;8211&semi; Install Logwatch and review logwatch emails daily&period;&nbsp&semi;</div>&NewLine;<div>&&num;8211&semi; Investigate any suspicious activity on your server&period;<br />&&num;8211&semi; Use brute force, Nessus and intrusion detection systems, Pen test etc<br />&&num;8211&semi; Install Linux Socket Monitor &&num;8211&semi; Detects/alerts when new sockets are created on your system, often revealing hacker activity<br />&&num;8211&semi; Install Mod&lowbar;security as Webserver Hardening<br />&&num;8211&semi; Limit user accounts access <br />&&num;8211&semi; Maintain physical server security</div>&NewLine;<div></div>&NewLine;<div>References</div>&NewLine;<div><a href="http&colon;//sqlmag&period;com/database-security/hardening-sql-server">http&colon;//sqlmag&period;com/database-security/hardening-sql-server</a></div>&NewLine;<div><a href="https&colon;//www&period;ndchost&period;com/wiki/server-administration/hardening-tcpip-syn-flood">https&colon;//www&period;ndchost&period;com/wiki/server-administration/hardening-tcpip-syn-flood</a></div>&NewLine;<div><a href="http&colon;//www&period;techopedia&period;com/definition/24833/hardening">http&colon;//www&period;techopedia&period;com/definition/24833/hardening</a></div>&NewLine;<div>http&colon;//web&period;bryant&period;edu/~commtech/downloads/ServerHardening&period;pdf</div>&NewLine;<div></div>&NewLine;</div>&NewLine;

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